Prepare the aromatics: peel and slice the galangal, finely chop the shallot, trim the lemongrass to use only the white part, separate coriander roots from leaves, and crush the garlic cloves.
Bring 1 litre of water to the boil in a pot.
Add galangal, lime leaves, banana shallot, lemongrass, coriander roots, and garlic. Boil for 2 minutes to infuse the broth.
Add prawns and oyster mushrooms, then simmer for 4 minutes until the prawns are cooked through.
Stir in fish sauce, Thai chilli paste, lime juice, and salt. Simmer for 1 more minute.
Divide cooked rice vermicelli noodles between serving bowls.
Pour the hot soup over the noodles.
Garnish with coriander leaves and sliced red chillies before serving.